The GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms) are any organisms including animals and plants having a modified genetic material such as DNA. These modifications are done according to an artificial approach. Remember, these modified are never expected in nature. This technology is also famous as "Modern Biotechnology." According to some experts, it would be better to call GMO technology as Gene Technology as it involves alteration in genetic materials. Use of this modern technology provides scientists a chance to improve any animal or plant. This improvement requires combination of desires features. For example, we humans desire to have cows giving more milk by consuming less fodder.
Why GM Foods are produced? It is a basic question. These foods are produced to benefit either the producer or end consumer. Producing a high-quality food product with less expense is a desirable factor. Genetic engineering allows the agriculturists to develop such foods such as fruits, vegetables and more. Initially, the GM food producers develop seeds and distribute these seeds in markets. They market or promote the GM seeds so producers (farmers) will accept these innovative seeds. The only aim to bring these seeds to the market is to create direct benefits for the farmers.
On the other hand, the GM foods are also attractive for the plant protection experts. There are hundreds of insect pests, diseases and infections damaging the animals and plants. Foods obtained from the damaged or infected organisms remain in low quality. These foods also fail to attract the buyers. This is a direct loss for farmers. Plant protection techniques such as pesticides or other chemicals are applied to kill the pests and harmful germs. However, these applications are dangerous for the consumers and environment. The GM crops and animals will come with modified resistance. This resistance will keep them safe from different damages so the final product will be of smart appearance and high quality.
Assessment of GM foods is necessary to evaluate different factors. Safe consumption is the first priority. Genetic modification seems beneficial but it may be dangerous for the users. During the process of gene modification, there are chances of getting undesired medications. Altering the gene sequence to achieve the desired feature may have impact on other genes. These undesired modifications could be positive as well as negative. National Food Authorities are responsible for the checking or assessment of GM foods.
What is the process of safety assessment? Normally, the experts focus on different factors including direct health effects, allergic reactions, any components containing toxic effects, the stability of altered genes, nutritional value of GM foods and any unwanted impacts of gene insertion.
Is there any health concern? Introduction of GM foods aims for the benefits of humans. However, it is not a natural thing that's why scientists are worried about the negative consequences. For example, scientists believe that changing genetic makeup of foods may change the same in consumers. This could lead to allergic reactions as well as genetic transformation and out-crossing.
What types of GM foods are available in the markets? You can find different types of GM foods. Plant-based foods such as fruits and vegetables are available with high nutrition. On the other hand, these are also available with pesticide or herbicide free status. All these things are interesting for the consumers as they want to consume safe foods.